Who is Yazid bin Muawiyah?

Yazid was a disbeliever, he was a drunkard, he openly sinned, and he relied on the throne of Islamic government!

When the Messenger of God saw Mu’awiya he said: “How will my nation be blessed by you! And how the day of your evil will pass on my children! A cub will come out of your back to make fun of God’s verses and consider my sanctity which God has placed as halal!

Ethics of Yazid

Yazid’s childhood was spent among his mother’s relatives, who were Bani Kalab, and among them, who were far from Islamic education, he grew up and became a drunkard and a dog lover!

He had a wheat-like face, and smallpox was visible on it. Has a fat body and hairy body. And spiritually, he was a traitor and a hypocrite, and he was two-faced.

One slave for each dog

The dogs were clothed and covered, and each dog was given a slave to serve him.

monkey friend

He loved and cared for monkeys, he kept a monkey with him and named it “Abu Qais”. And you drink the rest of his wine cup to him. Sometimes he would ride him on a zebra and send him to his horse race. One day, Abu Qays won the race, Yazid was happy and wrote a poem in praise of Abu Qays.

Once he had sent Abu Qais to the race, the wind knocked him to the ground and Abu Qais died. Yazid was depressed and sad and ordered to wrap him and bury him. He sat down to mourn his father and told the people of Sham to come and offer his condolences. He gave a eulogy on the death of Abu Qays.

The wine drinker of Yazid.

He indulged in drinking wine and was constantly drunk, he wrote many poems about the wind and spent the nights with his friends drinking wine and playing instruments and singing. His work reached a point where his father Muawiya advised him and said, “My son! Why don’t you do these things secretly?! So that your honor does not go down and your position is not reduced.”

Yazid’s efforts to reach the throne

Yazid had a grudge against the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace. And he wanted blood! When his father decided to make him his crown prince, and make him the Muslim caliph, he first bought the language of poets. In their poetry, they praised Yazid and praised him. Then he tamed the heads of the people and the elders of the country with heavy rewards and exorbitant money. He ordered the governors to send a group from every province to Syria and demand that Yazid become the crown prince! Then he began to assassinate the personalities of the country.

Imam Hassan Mojtabi was martyred by poison! Saad Abi Waqas poisoned the conqueror of Iraq! Abd al-Rahman, the son of Khalid bin Waleed, the conqueror of Sham, who was sick, was poisoned by his Jewish doctor, because he had a high position among the people of Sham. He poisoned Abu Bakr’s son! He killed Hujar bin Adi and his companions and declared the allegiance of Yazid openly and took allegiance from the people. But the city of Medina objected and the governor of Medina could not ask for allegiance from the people of the city.

Taking the oath of allegiance from the people of Madinah

Mu’awiyah decided to come to Madinah himself and pledge allegiance to Yazid. He came to Medina with an expensive army and a lot of money. But he could not take the oath of allegiance from Imam Hussain, peace be upon him. He did not get any results from money, nor from force.

He came forward through tricks and tricks, but he could not get allegiance from Imam Hossein, may God bless him and grant him peace. Marwan, who was the governor of Madinah, proposed to “deport Hussain, peace be upon him, to Syria and keep him with him.” Mu’awiyah did not accept and said: “You want to get relief from Hussain (peace be upon him) and get me caught?!”

Muawiya was afraid of Imam Hussain, peace be upon him, going to Syria. If Imam Hussein, peace and blessings be upon him, was exiled to Syria, it would not take long for the sun to fall on Muawiya. Because the Shamians realized the truth of Islam and understood that Islam is something other than what Muawiyah does. They were told that Islam is what Muawiyahdoes. He is the caliph of the Prophet of Islam, may God bless him and grant him peace, and is his successor and close relative to him. They did not know who Bani Hashim were, but they knew them badly and considered Bani Umayyah to be the family of the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace.

The Kufians pledged allegiance to Yazid ibn Mu’awiyah as the crown prince

One of the conditions of Imam Hasan’s peace against Islam with Muawiyah was that Muawiyah would not choose a successor for himself. And after his death, the rule and caliphate of Muslims will reach Imam Hassan . Muawiya who violated the terms of peace one after the other, in order to avoid this condition, with a conspiracy through Ja’ada – the daughter of Ash’ath bin Qays and the wife of Imam Hasan – was able to poison that Prophet and testify Although Muawiya wished in his heart that the caliphate would go to his son Yazid , but he could not say it, let alone put it into practice. The person who encouraged him to appoint Yazid as the crown prince and relieved his anxiety was Mughira bin Sha’ba, the ruler of Kufa.

Mughira ibn Sha’ba’s attempt to pledge allegiance to Kufian and Yazid

Some time after the installation of Mughirah in Kufa, Muawiyah decided to appoint Abdullah bin Amer Kuriz[1] put it in place of variable. When the news reached the people of Kufa, many of them went to welcome Abdullah bin Amer in such a way that Mugheera would reach out to everyone, saying that he had gone to welcome Abdullah.

Then Mughira left Kufa and went to Mu’awiya. Mu’awiyah said: “Why did you abandon the work and leave the city of Kufa and the people of Iraq alone, even though they are the leaders of all in sedition?”

Mugheera replied, “My age has increased and my strength has weakened. I got what I wanted from the world, but I swear to God, I don’t regret anything in the world except for one thing that I think I can repay you with; I don’t want my death in Rasad and God help me to do it.

Muawiya asked: “What is it?”

Mugheera said: “I invited the leaders of Kufa to swear allegiance to Yazid as the Crown Prince of Amir al-Mu’minin, and they also accepted my proposal, and I saw the Kufas as ready and in the forefront for this matter, but I did not want to do anything without your opinion. Therefore, I came to speak about this in your presence and to resign from my position.”

Mu’awiya said: “Glory be to God, Yazid is your nephew, and someone like you, whenever he starts something, will not leave it until he strengthens it.” Now I swear to God that you will come back and complete this task.”

Mugheera came out from Mu’awiyah and said to his companion: “Return me to Kufa, for by God I have put Mu’awiyah’s foot in a stirrup that cannot be removed except by bleeding.”[2]

In other words, Muawiya wanted Saeed bin As[3] to appoint instead of the other. After hearing the news, Mughira went to Yazid in Syria and told him: “The heads of the companions of the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, the leaders of the Quraysh have all died and their children have taken their place. Muawiya will also live. Mord, why didn’t you replace him, what you lack from other people’s children, you are the best of all. Why doesn’t your father take the oath of allegiance for you?”

If Yazid had wished for this, he would not have realized it, so he said to Mughira, “Do you imagine that such a thing will happen?” Mughirah said: “Yes.”

Yazid told the story to Muawiyah . Mu’awiyah also asked for a change and said to him: “From whom does this come true?” Mughira replied, “We will take the allegiance of Kufa and the allegiance of Basra to Ziyad bin Abiyyah.” When these two cities pledge allegiance, no one will oppose. Mu’awiyah also returned him to his position.

After returning to Kufa, Mughira asked for a number of Umayyad friendly Kufis and gave them a lot of wealth and sent them to Muawiya under the leadership of his son to ask him to appoint Yazid as his successor. After they came upon Mu’awiyah , Muawiyah said: “Don’t be hasty in this matter.” Then he asked Mughira’s son, “How much did your father buy the religion of these people?” He answered: “Each person for thirty thousand dirhams.” Mu’awiyah said: “He bought it cheaply.”[4] Hassan Basri believed that two people ruined the affairs of Muslims, one was Amr bin As on the day he guided Muawiya to raise the Qur’an and caused the emergence of the Khawarij, and the other was Mughirah bin Sha’ba, who was the guardian of Yazid. And pledged allegiance to him.[5]

Although there is a difference between these two narrations, it is certain that Mughira bin Sha’bah was the agent and designer of appointing Yazid as a crown prince, and the chiefs were the first ones to appoint Yazid as the successor of Muawiyah suggested the basis of Islamic caliphate and pledged allegiance to him.

Calling the people of Basra to swear allegiance to Yazid as the crown prince

It is important to mention that although Muawiyah wished to appoint Yazid as his crown prince, he was afraid of the reaction of the people, especially the Kufis. But when he was faced with the reassurance of Mughira about the allegiance of the Kufas, or according to the promise that was mentioned, some of them also went to Mu’awiyah and his concern about Kufa was removed. With relief, he wrote to Ziyad bin Abiyyah, his ruler in Basra: “Mughira has called the people of Kufa to swear allegiance to the crown prince after me, and he is not more deserving of your nephew (Yazid) than you. So whenever this letter reaches you, invite those who are with you, similar to what he has changed, and ask them to pledge allegiance to Yazid.

After receiving the letter, Ziyad sent a trusted person to Mu’awiya and said to him: “Tell Muawiya what the people will say when we invite them to pledge allegiance to Yazid. while he plays with dogs and monkeys and wears colorful clothes and always drinks wine and spends the nights playing instruments and singing. Despite the fact that Husayn bin Ali, peace be upon him, Abdullah bin Abbas and Abdullah bin Omar are still among the people? It is better to order him for one or two years. In this case, maybe we can make the people suspicious and ask for allegiance.”

After hearing the message, Muawiya said: “Woe to the son of Ubaid! I heard that Avazhkhani sang for him that Amir is his after me. I swear to God, I will return him to his mother Sumiya and his father Obaid.[6]

After the death of Ziyad bin Abiyyah, Mu’awiya had mentioned in the decree that was read to the people that after his death (Mu’awiya) Yazid be his successor.

Refusal of 5 people to pledge allegiance to Yazid 

In this way, Yazid became the crown prince and all the people except 5 people pledged allegiance to him, and all of them also pledged allegiance to Yazid, except for those 5 people, namely Imam Hussain bin Ali, peace be upon him, Abdullah bin Omar, Abdullah bin Zubair, Abdul Rahman bin Abi Bakr and Abdullah bin Abbas.[7]

Yazid’s unprecedented betrayals and crimes

Yazid committed betrayals that were unprecedented in the history of Islam and committed crimes that no one had seen before. Get money and bring back the forces of Islam from the conquest of Greece and the island of Cyprus! After killing a lot of people in Medina, he made them promise that they were his slaves, and he put a seal of slavery on their necks and palms, and whoever did not give this promise was killed.

Yazid attacked the house of God and threw a catapult towards the Kaaba and set the curtains of the Kaaba on fire and destroyed the Kaaba! For three days, he spared the life, wealth, and honor of the people of Medina, his army killed more than twelve thousand men and devirginized more than three thousand virgins! Although the women and girls had fled the city and fled. They killed those who had taken refuge in Rouza Sharif and his grave and made the Prophet’s Mosque a stable for their cattle!

[1] Abdullah bin Amer bin Kuriz was the governor of Basra on behalf of Usman, who was dismissed by Amir al-Mu’minin, peace be upon him. He was the one who came to the battle of Imam Hasan (peace be upon him) with an army on behalf of Muawiyah, and after seeing the weakness of his troops, he made peace with Muawiyah through him.

[2] Yaqoubi history, 2/159.

[3] Saeed bin As was from the Umayyad tribe and was the ruler of Kufa before Uthman. His misbehavior with the people caused the Kufians to complain to Uthman.

[4] Al-Kamal fi al-Tarikh Ibn Athir, page 53, volume 2.

[5] History of the Caliphs page 164.

[6] Jacob’s History, page 160, volume 2.

[7] Tabari’s history 225 volume 4.